Hello everyone, it’s been a while!
I’ve spent the past month and a half writing my bachelor’s thesis. Originally I wanted to do something creative, specifically a 3D environment which I could use as part of my portfolio when looking for jobs after graduating.
However, my tutor didn’t think this idea was suitable for a thesis, so I ended up iterating my project until it became something entirely different and entirely theoretical.
I’ve written my thesis on the subject of cultural appropriation in character design in games. Cultural appropriation is when a majority culture takes elements from a minority culture and uses these outside their original context, without permission or compensation.
One of the examples I have in my thesis is Pharah from Overwatch. She’s an Egyptian woman who has two outfits based on Egyptian mythology, but she also has two outfits based on Pacific Northwest native American cultures.
Above: Pharah in her two native American outfits, called Raindancer and Thunderbird.
Besides the visual aspect, the name Raindancer is a reference to the rain dances performed by native Americans, and Thunderbird is a reference to the mythological creature of the same name, which is a popular myth in native American cultures.
Above: a chief’s headdress from the Kwakwaka´wakw village in British Columbia. (Source)
If we compare Pharah’s outfits with Pacific Northwest native artwork, we can see a striking similarity in the clear lines, bold colors and exaggerated features. Animal motifs are also common, and the use of red and white in Eyak artwork especially. Pharah also wears her hair in braids common among native Americans.
The developers behind Overwatch have hinted at Pharah being part native American in their comics. Pharah’s mother is Egyptian, but her father is implied to be native American, which means Pharah would be descendant of two cultures. However, as long as Overwatch doesn’t explicitly state that Pharah is of native American descent, this is an example of cultural appropriation.
It is appropriation because the developers are part of a majority culture, and because they have taken elements from a minority culture and used these outside their original context.
In my thesis I have examined a few more examples of cultural appropriation in recent games, this was just one of them!
The deadline for the thesis is in three days, but so far I’m feeling pretty good about it. I’m more or less done, I’m just poking at minor details at this point. Cross your fingers that I pass!